PYTHON file_get_contents

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Python replacement for PHP's file_get_contents [ edit | history ]

For offline files:

open(filename).read()

For online files (e.g webpage):

import urllib2
urllib2.urlopen(url).read()

# Q: how would look the following in python?

<?php
// Open the file using the HTTP headers set above
$file = file_get_contents('[url]http://www.example.com/[/url]', false, $context);
?>

# A: Something like that…

# Python 2
import urllib2
opener = urllib2.build_opener()

# Python 3
import urllib.request
opener = urllib.request.build_opener()

# Then, for example, … (Python 2 and Python 3)
opener.addheaders.append(('Cookie', 'cookiename=cookievalue'))
f = opener.open("[url]http://example.com/[/url]")

PHP file_get_contents

PHP original manual for file_get_contents [ show | php.net ]

file_get_contents

(PHP 4 >= 4.3.0, PHP 5)

file_get_contents — Reads entire file into a string

Description

string file_get_contents ( string $filename [, int $flags= 0 [, resource $context [, int $offset= -1 [, int $maxlen= -1 ]]]] )

This function is similar to file(), except that file_get_contents() returns the file in a string, starting at the specified offset up to maxlen bytes. On failure, file_get_contents() will return FALSE.

file_get_contents() is the preferred way to read the contents of a file into a string. It will use memory mapping techniques if supported by your OS to enhance performance.

Note: If you're opening a URI with special characters, such as spaces, you need to encode the URI with urlencode().

Parameters

filename

Name of the file to read.

flags

Warning

For all versions prior to PHP 6, this parameter is called use_include_path and is a bool. The flags parameter is only available since PHP 6. If you use an older version and want to search for filename in the include path, this parameter must be TRUE. Since PHP 6, you have to use the FILE_USE_INCLUDE_PATH flag instead.

The value of flags can be any combination of the following flags (with some restrictions), joined with the binary OR (|) operator.

**Available flags**
Flag	Description
`FILE_USE_INCLUDE_PATH`	Search for `filename` in the include directory. See include_path for more information.
`FILE_TEXT`	If unicode semantics are enabled, the default encoding of the read data is UTF-8. You can specify a different encoding by creating a custom context or by changing the default using stream_default_encoding(). This flag cannot be used with `FILE_BINARY`.
`FILE_BINARY`	With this flag, the file is read in binary mode. This is the default setting and cannot be used with `FILE_TEXT`.

context

A valid context resource created with stream_context_create(). If you don't need to use a custom context, you can skip this parameter by NULL.

offset

The offset where the reading starts.

maxlen

Maximum length of data read.

Return Values

The function returns the read data or FALSE on failure.

Examples

Example #1 Get and output the source of the homepage of a website


<?php
$homepage = file_get_contents('http://www.example.com/');
echo $homepage;
?>

Example #2 Searching within the include_path


<?php
// <= PHP 5
$file = file_get_contents('./people.txt', true);
// > PHP 5
$file = file_get_contents('./people.txt', FILE_USE_INCLUDE_PATH);
?>

Example #3 Reading a section of a file


<?php
// Read 14 characters starting from the 21st character
$section = file_get_contents('./people.txt', NULL, NULL, 20, 14);
var_dump($section);
?>

The above example will output something similar to:

string(14) "lle Bjori Ro"

Example #4 Using stream contexts


<?php
// Create a stream
$opts = array(
  'http'=>array(
    'method'=>"GET",
    'header'=>"Accept-language: en\r\n" .
              "Cookie: foo=bar\r\n"
  )
);

$context = stream_context_create($opts);

// Open the file using the HTTP headers set above
$file = file_get_contents('http://www.example.com/', false, $context);
?>

Changelog

Version	Description
5.0.0	Added context support.
5.1.0	Added the `offset` and `maxlen` parameters.
6.0.0	The `use_include_path` parameter was replaced by the `flags` parameter.

Notes

Note: This function is binary-safe.

Tip

A URL can be used as a filename with this function if the fopen wrappers have been enabled. See fopen() for more details on how to specify the filename and List of Supported Protocols/Wrappers for a list of supported URL protocols.

Warning

When using SSL, Microsoft IIS will violate the protocol by closing the connection without sending a close_notify indicator. PHP will report this as "SSL: Fatal Protocol Error" when you reach the end of the data. To work around this, the value of error_reporting should be lowered to a level that does not include warnings. PHP 4.3.7 and higher can detect buggy IIS server software when you open the stream using the https:// wrapper and will suppress the warning. When using fsockopen() to create an ssl:// socket, the developer is responsible for detecting and suppressing this warning.

PHP » PYTHON